Technology

Enterprise Architecture

Framework thiết kế và quản lý enterprise systems qua 4 layers: Business, Data, Application, và Technology

architectureit-strategysystems-designdigital-transformation

Enterprise Architecture (EA) là discipline về designing và managing enterprise IT landscape. Nó đảm bảo technology enables business strategy.

Vấn đề EA giải quyết

Without EA:

  • Siloed systems không integrate
  • Duplicate data và functionality
  • Technology debt accumulates
  • IT không align với business

Popular EA Frameworks

  • TOGAF: Comprehensive methodology
  • Zachman Framework: Matrix-based classification
  • FEAF: For government agencies

Tất cả đều organize architecture thành layers.

Components

1

Business Architecture

Business strategy, governance, organization, processes

Business capabilities, value streams, organizational structure

2

Data Architecture

Data assets, management, và governance

Data models, data flows, master data, data quality

3

Application Architecture

Application portfolio và interactions

Application landscape, integrations, APIs, services

4

Technology Architecture

Infrastructure, platforms, và technology standards

Servers, networks, cloud, security, standards

5

Architecture Roadmap

Transition plan từ current state to target state

Phases, projects, dependencies, milestones

When to Use

  • ✓Digital transformation planning
  • ✓IT modernization
  • ✓M&A technology integration
  • ✓Cloud migration strategy
  • ✓Technology standardization

Benefits

  • +Aligns IT với business strategy
  • +Reduces complexity và duplication
  • +Enables better decision-making
  • +Improves agility
  • +Manages technical debt

Limitations

  • !Can be overly complex
  • !Requires specialized skills
  • !Risk of becoming ivory tower
  • !Needs executive support
  • !Must balance rigor với agility

Real-World Examples

Retail Chain EA Transformation

Industry: Retail

Retailer với 200+ legacy systems. EA team created target architecture: Unified customer data (Data), Microservices (Application), Cloud-first (Technology). 3-year roadmap reduced systems by 60%.

Outcome: Lower costs, faster innovation, better customer experience

Resources

framework

TOGAF

The Open Group Architecture Framework - industry standard